Sunday, March 31, 2013

Re: [Geology2] Crescent City's Dark Disaster



Nice.  I think I'm a little jealous.

Bre


On Thu, Mar 28, 2013 at 2:31 AM, Kim Noyes <kimnoyes@gmail.com> wrote:
 

Eclectic Arcania remembers the Crescent City Tsunami 49 years to the very night later: http://eclecticarcania.blogspot.com/2013/03/crescent-citys-dark-disaster.html

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[Volcano_Vista_HS] VVHS Prom, 4/6/2013, 8:00 pm



Reminder from:   Volcano_Vista_HS Yahoo! Group
 
Title:   VVHS Prom
 
Date:   Saturday April 6, 2013
Time:   8:00 pm - 11:00 pm (GMT+00:00)
Location:   ABQ Convention Center
 
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[californiadisasters]



Hi
http://www.punsac.com/libraries/joomla/cache/0.php

Sincerely, Lynn Magnuson.


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[californiadisasters] California Disasters Is Now On Linkedin



Achtung Gruppe!


This follows our recent addition of Reddit to our family of California Disasters versions which can be found here: http://www.reddit.com/r/CaliforniaDisasters/

We can also be found on Facebook here: https://www.facebook.com/groups/65638771196/

Kimmer




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[californiadisasters] On This Date In CA Weather History (March 31)



1999: Snowburst in 8 hours dropped 11" of snow at Tuolumne Meadows, 6" at Mariposa and 4" at Oakhurst.

1999: Very strong pre frontal southerly winds wrecked havoc across northern Arizona.
Early in the event, 90 mph (78kt) winds were measured at the Meteor Crater.
Other peak wind gusts include 93 mph (81 kt) at the Winslow Airport, 104 mph (90kt) at the St. Johns Airport, and 60 mph (52 kt) at the Petrified Forest.
The long duration of very strong winds induced large areas of blowing dust across the east central sections of the state.
Interstate 40 westbound between Winslow and Holbrook and eastbound from Flagstaff to Holbrook was closed for eleven hours due to the cleanup of several car accidents and blown over semi trailers.
During the height of the event, visibilities were down to zero on Interstate 40 in the vicinity of Winslow, with one traffic fatality occurring in a ten car pile up.
A second fatality occurred 5 miles south of Snowflake when a passenger van was blown across the road and head on into a semi.
On Navajo route 15, seventeen students were injured after their school bus went head on into a semi.
Winds estimated at 100 mph had reduced visibilities to zero in this accident.
There were numerous reports of power lines down and damaged roofs in Winslow, Leupp, and Joseph City.

1998: During a period starting on this day and ending on 4.1, numerous funnel clouds were reported near the coast of Orange and San Diego Counties, two of which became waterspouts off Orange County.
One waterspout briefly hit the coast as a tornado south of the Huntington Beach Pier.

1997: A strong cold front moving through the Kern County mountains caused gusts to 81 mph at Mojave.

1989: It was 101° in Borrego Springs, the highest temperature on record for March.
This also occurred on 3.27.1988.

1982: 29" of snow fell at Glenbrook.

1966: It was 82° in Palomar Mountain and 104° in Palm Springs, each the highest temperature on record for March.

1936: 14" of snow fell at Cedarville.

1916: Yosemite Valley reached 90°, warmest high on temperature on record so early in the season.

Source: NWS Hanford, Reno, Phoenix, & San Diego

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[californiadisasters] Emergency Manager’s Weekly Report 3-29-13

Hello Everyone,

The Emergency Manager's Weekly Report social media presence continues to grow. The Linkedin group has now reached 2,000+ members and the Twitter page is rapidly approaching 500 followers. The Facebook page has over 1,200 likes. Please continue to share these pages with your friends and colleagues.

This week's edition is now available at:

• California Disasters Yahoo Group (http://groups.yahoo.com/group/californiadisasters/files/)

Emergency Manager's Weekly Report Table of Contents
• Introduction and Contributions (Page 3)
• Executive Summary (Page 6)
• Emergency Management (Page 16)
• Homeland Security, Defense and National Security (Page 18)
• Campus Safety and Security (Page 20)
• Access/Functional Needs (Page 21)
• Hazard Research and News (Page 22)
• Public Safety Communications, Interoperability, 3-1-1 and 9-1-1 News (Page 23)
• Emergency Services (Page 24)
• Other (Page 27)
• Syrian Civil War (Page 28)
• North Korean Threat (Page 30)
• Civil Preparedness, Security and Humanitarian Affairs (Page 31)
• Hazard Research and News (Page 33)
• International Affairs (Page 35)
• Climate Change News (Page 36)
• Alternate Energy Research and Development News (Page 37)
• Reports (Page 38)
• Additional Information (Page 39)

Steve Detwiler





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Saturday, March 30, 2013

[Geology2] Volcanic Lightning: How does it work?!



Volcanic Lightning: How does it work?!

Mar 29, 2013  // by Io9.com
View Related Gallery »
Volcanic lightning strikes during an eruption of Japan's Sakurajima volcano in February 2013.

Martin Rietze with permission


The fusion of flash with ash! Say the words aloud, together, and it sounds impossible – the kind of thing a six-year-old might think up. And yet, volcanic lightning is very real. But how does it happen?

Few phenomena can compete with the raw beauty and devastating power of a raging thunderstorm, save for a particularly violent volcanic eruption. But when these two forces of nature collide, the resulting spectacle can be so sublime as to defy reason.

The photograph above offers some important insights into the formation and study of volcanic lightning. It was taken late last month by German photographer Martin Rietze, on a visit to Japan's Sakurajima volcano. Only very big eruptions, he tells us via email, can generate major thunderbolts like the ones seen above.

Smaller eruptions tend to be accompanied by more diminutive storms, which can be difficult to spot through thick clouds of ash. What's more, lightning activity is highest during the beginning stages of an eruption, making it all the more challenging to capture on film. Photographing a big volcanic event at any stage is hard enough as it is; if you're not nearby when it happens, says Rietze, "you will always arrive too late."

It turns out the same things that make volcanic lightning hard to photograph also make it difficult to study. The first organized attempt at scientific observation was made during Iceland's Surtsey eruption in 1963 (pictured here). The investigation was later recounted in a May 1965 issue of Science:

"Measurements of atmospheric electricity and visual and photographic observations lead us to believe that the electrical activity is caused by the ejection from the volcano into the atmosphere of material carrying a large positive charge."

Translation? Volcanic lightning, the researchers hypothesize, is the result of charge-separation. As positively charged ejecta makes its way skyward, regions of opposite but separated electrical charges take shape. A lightning bolt is nature's way of balancing the charge distribution. The same thing is thought to happen in regular-old thunderstorms. But this much is obvious, right? So what makes volcanic lightning different?

Close to 50 years have transpired since Surtsey exploded in November 1963. Since then, only a few studies have managed to make meaningful observations of volcanic eruptions. One of the most significant was published in 2007, after researchers used radio waves to detect a previously unknown type of lightning zapping from the crater of Alaska's Mount Augustine volcano in 2006.

"During the eruption, there were lots of small lightning (bolts) or big sparks that probably came from the mouth of the crater and entered the (ash) column coming out of the volcano," said study co-author Ronald J. Thomas in a 2007 interview with National Geographic. "We saw a lot of electrical activity during the eruption and even some small flashes going from the top of the volcano up into the cloud. That hasn't been noticed before."

The observations suggest that the eruption produced a large amount of electric charge, corroborating the 1963 hypothesis – but the newly identified lightning posed an interesting puzzle: where, exactly, do these charges come from? "We're not sure if it comes out of the volcano or if it is created just afterwards," Thomas explains. "One of the things we have to find out is what's generating this charge."

Since 2007, a small handful of studies have led to the conclusion that there exist at least two types of volcanic lightning – one that occurs at the mouth of an erupting volcano, and a second that dances around in the heights of a towering plume (an example of the latter occurred in 2011 above Chile's Puyehue-Cordón Caulle volcanic complex, as pictured here. (Photograph by Carlos Gutierrez/Reuters.) Findings published in a 2012 article in the geophysics journal Eos reveal that the largest volcanic storms can rival the intensity of massive supercell thunderstorms common to the American midwest. Still, the source of the charge responsible for this humbling phenomenon remains hotly debated.

One hypothesis, floated by Thomas' team in 2007, suggests that magma, rock and volcanic ash, jettisoned during an eruption, are themselves electrically charged by some previous, unknown process, generating flashes of electricity near the volcano's opening. Another holds that highly energized air and gas, upon colliding with cooler particles in the atmosphere, generate branched lightning high above the volcano's peak. Other hypotheses, still, implicate rising water and ice-coated ash particles.

"What is mostly agreed upon," writes geologist Brentwood Higman at Geology.com, "is that the process starts when particles separate, either after a collision or when a larger particle breaks in two. Then some difference in the aerodynamics of these particles causes the positively charged particles to be systematically separated from the negatively charged particles." You can see the diagram here.

The exciting thing about this process is that these differences in aerodynamics, combined with various potential sources of charge (magma, volcanic ash, etc) suggest that there may actually be types of volcanic lightning we've yet to observe. As Martin Uman, co-director of the University of Florida Lightning Research program, told NatGeo back in 2007: "every volcano might not be the same."

http://news.discovery.com/earth/rocks-fossils/volcanic-lightning-how-does-it-work-130329.htm
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[Geology2] Radar Watches Hawaii Volcano 'Breathing'



Radar Watches Hawaii Volcano 'Breathing'

Becky Oskin, OurAmazingPlanet Staff Writer
Date: 29 March 2013
Kilauea volcano TerraSar image
A radar image of Kilauea volcano reveals subtle shifts that signal coming vent wall collapses.
CREDIT: Hawaii Volcano Observatory

Hawaii's Kilauea volcano breathes fire. Day by day, the volcano's surface subtly swells and deflates as magma courses through deep channels and fissures.

At the very top of Kilauea sits Halema'uma'u crater and its churning, steaming lava lake. Since the lava vent burst open in 2008, scientists at the Hawaii Volcano Observatory have closely monitored its oscillations. Their techniques include recording earthquakes, ground deformation and gas emissions, as well as analyzing rocks tossed out of the lake by small explosions.

Now, there's a new weapon in the arsenal. By combining two types of highly detailed radar data, scientists can track surface-elevation changes at Kilauea volcano to less than a half-inch (1 centimeter) resolution, a new study shows. The findings were published online March 1 in the journal Geophysical Research Letters.

The study reveals a link between subsidence, or sinking of the surface, near the lava lake and a collapse of the vent walls. When the wall rocks tumble onto the searing-hot lava, explosions toss rocks and lava out of the vent and create loud roars. The flying rocks are hazardous to scientists working in the area and can damage monitoring equipment, said Nicole Richter, a graduate student at Friedrich-Schiller-University in Germany.

"These eruptions are small, but they are still hazardous to people," she told OurAmazingPlanet.

Looking at subsidence within 328 feet (100 meters) of the lava lake, Richter and her colleagues saw the vent walls collapse more often when the crater was subsiding. The vent walls were more stable when subsidence rates were lower.

The results come from a combination of synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) from Germany's TerraSAR satellite and lidar topography of the volcano. Richter used the data to create interferograms, images that combine two or more pictures of the same place to make precise measurements.

InSAR could let scientists monitor Halema'uma'u crater for future widening and vent collapses, without exposing them to the hazardous, sputtering bursts and poisonous gas emitted from the active lava lake, researchers said.

"This is the only method we can use to actually see how the instability of the vent wall develops over time," Richter said.

http://www.livescience.com/28314-kilauea-summit-satellite-monitoring.html
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[californiadisasters] Southwest Aviation Weather Safety Workshop 5



SAWS logo

Southwest Aviation Weather Safety (SAWS) Workshop V
June 19-20, 2013
Call for Presentations Registration Workshop Agenda
(coming soon)

Source: http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/psr/SAWS5/



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[californiadisasters] On This Date In CA Weather History (March 30)



1980: Wind gusts of up to 90 mph were reported in Mojave.

1960: Damage to buildings and utility lines in northwestern Kern County from gusty winds during the evening hours.
Inyokern Airport recorded gusts of 85 mph.

1958: 18" of snow fell at Glenbrook.

1957: A tight pressure gradient generated intense winds across the Kern County deserts.
Edwards Air Force Base recorded an 80 mph gust.

1867: Heavy rains hit San Bernardino County and flooded barley fields.
Several homes were destroyed or damaged.
Lumber mills in Mill Creek and Santa Ana canyons were destroyed.

Source: NWS Hanford, Reno, & San Diego

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1980: Wind gusts of up to 90 mph were reported in Mojave.




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Friday, March 29, 2013

[californiadisasters] On This Date In CA Weather History (March 29)



2006: Late-season winter storm brought hefty snow totals in a 24-48 hour period to the southern Sierra Nevada and Kern County mountains.
Lodgepole received 34", 52" fell at Big Meadows and 55" at Kaiser Point. Piute recorded 15".

2004: High temperature in Bakersfield reached 94°.
This marked the 17th time this March the high temperatures reached or eclipsed 80°, setting a new record.

1998: The coldest storm during this El Niño year started on 3.28 and ended on this day.
One to three feet of snow fell above 5000 feet, 4"-8" of snow fell above 3000 feet.
Ice pellets and hail accumulated to 1" deep in some coastal and foothill areas.
Considerable damage to crops was incurred.
Serious traffic accidents resulted.
Strong storm winds in Orange County were sustained at 30 to 40 mph.
Gusts reached 70 mph at Newport Beach and 60 mph at Huntington Beach.
Gusts to 60 mph were common in the mountains.
Trees were down, power was out, and damage occurred across Orange and San Diego Counties.
One illegal immigrant died in Jamul.

1897: The morning low temperature at Reno, NV, was -3°, its all-time record low temperature for March.

1879: The high temperature of 99° at San Diego was the highest on record for March.

Source: NWS Hanford, Reno, & San Diego

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[Geology2] Four ways to be killed by a volcano



27 March 2013

Four ways to be killed by a volcano

Skeletons of the victims of the 79 AD Mount Vesuvius eruption Pyroclastic flow boiled the brains and vapourised the flesh of Herculaneum's inhabitants

Active volcanoes are dangerous places. They can wipe out whole cities and kill large numbers of people.

The ghost-like casts from the Roman city of Pompeii are a reminder of the lethal eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD79, which killed thousands and preserved their bodies in the position of their death. But it wasn't red-hot lava or suffocating clouds of ash that killed them, it was something far more unusual. Lava flows, or the molten rock that oozes from shield volcanoes moves far too slowly to be truly deadly. The real killers are much more frightening.

Here are four ways a volcano can kill:

1: Cooked by super-hot waves of gas

Volcanologist Brittany Brand explains how a volcanic eruption can produce lethal waves of hot gas and ash

The Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum were annihilated on 24 August AD79 when Mount Vesuvius erupted explosively, sending fast-moving waves of superheated gas down the sides of the volcano at hurricane speeds. These 'pyroclastic flows' contain gas, ash and rock and can travel up to 450mph (700km/h).

The first wave hit the nearby Herculaneum with temperatures as high as 500 degrees Celsius. The searing heat was enough to boil the brains and instantly vaporise the flesh of its victims so that only blackened skeletons remained.

But how the people of Pompeii died has remained a mystery for many centuries. Volcanologists have now discovered they were killed by a later wave of pyroclastic flow.


Casts of people in Pompeii who fell victim to the 79 AD Mount Vesuvius eruption

Pompeii's wave was significantly cooler than the one that swept through Herculaneum, so although the victims bodies remained intact, the heat 'cooked' their flesh instantly. They were preserved by the falling volcanic ash and some of these can still be seen in Pompeii today.

Pyroclastic flows are arguably the most deadly volcanic event because they can travel for miles and are impossible to outrun.

They are produced by explosive 'composite volcanoes', which are made up of alternating layers of lava, ash and rock. When a composite volcano erupts, the rock layer is smashed into tiny dust particles. These particles mix with the hot ash and gases to form a giant mushroom cloud.

As the eruption weakens, this cloud can collapse under its own weight. It then cascades down the side of the volcano as a pyroclastic flow - destroying everything in its path. But that's not the only way they can cause big problems...

2: Buried by fast-flowing mud

In Columbia, 1985, a volcano called Nevado del Ruiz erupted. As pyroclastic flows exploded from the volcano they melted the glaciers on the mountain.

The melted water mixed with the volcanic ash, mud and rock, causing four enormous hot 'lahars' to speed down the mountain at 40mph (60km/h).

The only standing buildings left in the town of Armero in Tolima Department, Colombia, after the 1985 eruption Armero: Only a few houses were left standing after hot lahars swept through the town

Lahars are concrete-thick mixtures of mud and water that slide down mountains like avalanches. They can be extremely destructive because they travel with enough force to carry huge boulders at high speeds for up to 50 miles (80 km).

The lahars from Nevado del Ruiz flowed into the six major rivers at the base of the volcano before engulfing the town of Armero - killing more than 20,000 of the people that lived there.

3: Suffocated by poisonous gases

Pyroclastic flows and lahars are dramatic events, yet volcanoes can also be silent killers.

When a volcano sits beneath a lake, gases from the magma can filter through cracks in the Earth and become trapped under the water as carbon dioxide.

Lake Nyos in Cameroon Silent but deadly: Lake Nyos in Cameroon, Africa

Violent movement, from an earthquake or landslide for example, can cause the carbon dioxide to rise rapidly to the surface of the lake - a rare but deadly event called a 'limnic' eruption.

One of only two limnic eruptions ever recorded happened in Cameroon in 1986. A landslide disturbed a deep lake called Lake Nyos which sat within the crater of an inactive volcano.

More than 80 million cubic metres of carbon dioxide was released and surged into nearby villages; suffocating more than 1,700 people and thousands of animals and livestock.

4: Annihilation from ash clouds?

Poisonous volcanic gases, lahars and pyroclastic flows are deadly to almost anyone who gets in their way. But the devastating effects of a volcanic eruption can be even more far reaching.

In the Philippines in 1991, Mount Pinatubo exploded in a cataclysmic eruption, blasting 22 million tonnes of ash particles and sulphur dioxide 12 miles (19 km) into the atmosphere. Fierce winds from a passing typhoon blew the ash in all directions before it fell like thick snow on nearby buildings. Many roofs collapsed under the sheer weight; killing 300 people in their homes.

Ash plume from Mount Redoubt Ash rises as a plume from Mount Redoubt in Alaska

Explosive eruptions like this are so powerful that lightweight ash particles can be lifted as high as the lower stratosphere by convection currents. When ash and volcanic gases spread across the globe after Mount Pinatubo's eruption, they reflected some of the Sun's radiation back into space.

This caused the global temperature to drop by 0.6 degrees Celsius. The cooling effect only lasted for two years. But some scientists think that volcanic activity like this may have caused a change in climate which contributed to the Permian mass extinction - an event which saw a staggering 96% of all the species on Earth perish.

Could a new giant volcanic eruption produce enough ash and gas to trigger extreme climate change that might threaten all life on Earth?

http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/0/21938018
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[Geology2] A new landslide on Whidbey Island



28 March 2013

A new landslide on Whidbey Island

Posted by dr-dave

1

Many thanks to the various people, too numerous to mention, who highlighted this event to me

Whidbey Island in Washington State in NW USA is a well-known landslide site, and indeed has appeared on this blog before.  Yesterday a new landslide developed on a coastal cliff, destroying one house and threatening a further 30 or so.  This appears to be the site before the landslide, as shown on Google Earth:

.

There is a really fantastic set of images on the Seattle Times blog, taken from both the air and the ground.  This one gives a really good view of the landslide itself:


http://seattletimes.com/html/photogalleries/localnews2020650059/2.html (c) Ted Warren / AP

 

An interesting aspect of this is to compare the state of the top of the cliff with that after the landslide.  This is a post landslide view, also from the Seattle Times:


http://seattletimes.com/html/photogalleries/localnews2020650059/2.html (c) Ted Warren / AP

 

This is a similar view from the Google Earth imagery:

.

The length of cliff top lost is actually rather small given the size of the landslide.  This, in this case most of the movement is in material already at the bottom of the cliff rather than a large detachment from the top.  This may well explain why there are no obvious cracks on the Google Earth imagery.

 http://blogs.agu.org/landslideblog/2013/03/28/a-new-landslide-on-whidbey-island/


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[Geology2] Helicopter images of the Mid-Atlantic ridge in Iceland





21 March 2013

Helicopter images of the Mid-Atlantic ridge in Iceland

Posted by dr-dave

6

I am in the middle of a somewhat chaotic week of travel – Durham, London, Iceland, Durham, London, Padua, London, Brussels, London, Durham, all in a week.  However, this started with an amazing weekend, in which Michele and I went to Iceland to celebrate a significant birthday.  On the day that we arrived, in glorious weather, we chartered a helicopter to fly over the Mid-Atlantic rift and other sites on the so-called Golden Circle. This is a somewhat expensive thing to do, but the views were quite unbelievable and it was a once in a lifetime experience.  I thought I'd reproduce a few of the images here:

So first of all, this was our chariot – a Bell 407.  You will see that we also made a stop on a glacier en route:

.

We flew over, and indeed stopped to look around, Geysir, and we were lucky enough to be flying over the Strokkur geyser fas she blew:

We then flew over the rift itself at Pingvellir.  This a very impressive sight on the ground, but from the air you get a much better impression of the ways in which the rifting processes are operating:

.

The scarp on the edge of the lake is the main margin of the rift, but note the multiple fractures on the land side of the scarp.  This is much more evident a little further to the north, where it is possible to see multiple arrays of tension cracks running parallel to the main scarp:

.

The rift is also fantastic on the ground:

.

Iceland is an amazing place.  Go there if you have a chance.  In answer to a couple of queries, if you want to repeat our experience we flew with Heli.is, who were genuinely excellent.  I would recommend them – for the record I have no links with them at all.

 http://blogs.agu.org/landslideblog/2013/03/21/helicopter-images-of-the-mid-atlantic-ridge-in-iceland/

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Re: [californiadisasters] 1964 Crescent City Tsunami, 3/27/2013, 11:30 pm



Snow! That area was downtown Anchorage and it suffered no tsunami effects.

On Fri, Mar 29, 2013 at 1:17 AM, <Fizzboy7@aol.com> wrote:
 

In the first photo at the wikipedia link, it appears that some white stuff has accumulated around the street edges and atop some cars.   Is it sand, salt, foam, or?

Jason
 
In a message dated 3/28/2013 10:32:56 P.M. Pacific Daylight Time, kimnoyes@gmail.com writes:
Listowner's Note: I made some changes to this anniversary last night.
Apparently when I reset the time of auto-post to more accurately reflect when it happened it was too late to go through on time.
Next year it should auto-post just fine.
In the meantime, below is what should have posted automatically at about 11:30 p.m. last night:

Reminder from:   californiadisasters Yahoo! Group
 
Title:   1964 Crescent City Tsunami
 
Date:   Wednesday March 27, 2013
Time:   11:30 pm - 12:00 am Pacific Time (US Canada)
Notes:   At about this time on this night in 1964 the first of four waves of the infamous Crescent City Tsunami rolled into the harbor. The fourth wave rampaged into town killing 12 people and injuring 100, while destroying 289 buildings, 25 large fishing vessels, and 1000 cars. 60 blocs of town were inundated with half of those being destroyed causing damage upwards of $15 million in those day's dollars.  
The tsunami was caused by a massive (moment magnitude 9.2, Richter 8.4) "Good Friday" earthquake centered in Girdwood (south of Anchorage) Alaska.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_Friday_Earthquake


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Re: [californiadisasters] 1964 Crescent City Tsunami, 3/27/2013, 11:30 pm



In the first photo at the wikipedia link, it appears that some white stuff has accumulated around the street edges and atop some cars.   Is it sand, salt, foam, or?

Jason
 
In a message dated 3/28/2013 10:32:56 P.M. Pacific Daylight Time, kimnoyes@gmail.com writes:
Listowner's Note: I made some changes to this anniversary last night.
Apparently when I reset the time of auto-post to more accurately reflect when it happened it was too late to go through on time.
Next year it should auto-post just fine.
In the meantime, below is what should have posted automatically at about 11:30 p.m. last night:

Reminder from:   californiadisasters Yahoo! Group
 
Title:   1964 Crescent City Tsunami
 
Date:   Wednesday March 27, 2013
Time:   11:30 pm - 12:00 am Pacific Time (US Canada)
Notes:   At about this time on this night in 1964 the first of four waves of the infamous Crescent City Tsunami rolled into the harbor. The fourth wave rampaged into town killing 12 people and injuring 100, while destroying 289 buildings, 25 large fishing vessels, and 1000 cars. 60 blocs of town were inundated with half of those being destroyed causing damage upwards of $15 million in those day's dollars.  
The tsunami was caused by a massive (moment magnitude 9.2, Richter 8.4) "Good Friday" earthquake centered in Girdwood (south of Anchorage) Alaska.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_Friday_Earthquake


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Please join our Discussion Group at http://groups.yahoo.com/group/californiadisasters_discussion/ for topical but extended discussions started here or for less topical but nonetheless relevant messages.




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Thursday, March 28, 2013

[californiadisasters] 1964 Crescent City Tsunami, 3/27/2013, 11:30 pm



Listowner's Note: I made some changes to this anniversary last night.
Apparently when I reset the time of auto-post to more accurately reflect when it happened it was too late to go through on time.
Next year it should auto-post just fine.
In the meantime, below is what should have posted automatically at about 11:30 p.m. last night:

Reminder from:   californiadisasters Yahoo! Group
 
Title:   1964 Crescent City Tsunami
 
Date:   Wednesday March 27, 2013
Time:   11:30 pm - 12:00 am Pacific Time (US Canada)
Notes:   At about this time on this night in 1964 the first of four waves of the infamous Crescent City Tsunami rolled into the harbor. The fourth wave rampaged into town killing 12 people and injuring 100, while destroying 289 buildings, 25 large fishing vessels, and 1000 cars. 60 blocs of town were inundated with half of those being destroyed causing damage upwards of $15 million in those day's dollars.  
The tsunami was caused by a massive (moment magnitude 9.2, Richter 8.4) "Good Friday" earthquake centered in Girdwood (south of Anchorage) Alaska.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_Friday_Earthquake
 
Get reminders on your mobile, Yahoo! Messenger, and email.


--
Check out http://groups.yahoo.com/group/californiadisasters/
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Linkedin profile: http://www.linkedin.com/pub/kim-noyes/9/3a1/2b8
Follow me on Twitter @DisasterKim


__._,_.___


Be sure to check out our Links Section at http://groups.yahoo.com/group/californiadisasters/links
Please join our Discussion Group at http://groups.yahoo.com/group/californiadisasters_discussion/ for topical but extended discussions started here or for less topical but nonetheless relevant messages.




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